Scientology is a religious movement founded in the 1950s by science fiction writer L. Ron Hubbard. The church teaches that individuals are spiritual beings, or "thetans," who have been reincarnated multiple times and have lived through past lives. The ultimate goal of Scientology is to become "clear," a state in which a person is free of the negative effects of past traumas and can achieve spiritual enlightenment. The church also teaches that mental and physical problems can be overcome through a process called "auditing," in which a person is guided through past experiences while hooked up to an "E-meter," a device that measures electrical resistance in the skin.
Critics of Scientology have raised concerns about the church's secretive nature, its aggressive tactics towards those who speak out against it, and its treatment of its members. The Church of Scientology has been the subject of much controversy and criticism in the United States and other countries, some of the most notable example is the French government's designation of the church as a "sect" in 1995, and the FBI raid of several of the church's facilities in 1977. Additionally, there have been numerous accusations of abuse and exploitation of members by the church and its leaders.
The Church of Scientology has denied all the accusations and claims that it is a legitimate religion. Despite the controversies, the Church of Scientology continues to have a significant following and operates in countries around the world.
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